Our synagogue is a
halachic anomaly. A literally-dying congregation, we began counting women in a
minyan probably over a decade ago as we started running out of men. But the counting stopped there.
Except when necessary. And, more recently, not always when necessary, either--in the past three-six years, we've started to hire female cantors as guest cantors when our regular cantor wasn't available and no one else could substitute, at first with apologies and assurances that no precedent-setting was intended, but in the past couple of years, just as a normal procedure.
Now that you have some background, let me present you with the most interesting recent twist. Only seven men were present for the Torah reading on Shabbat morning, so my husband volunteered to take not only the
Maftir aliyah, but also sh'vii (the seventh aliyah, which proceeds it). Not being one to keep my big mouth shut, as my readers certainly know :), I approached the reading desk and advised the cantor not to call my husband for the Maftir aliyah or have him recite a second b'rachah/blessing because it wasn't necessary, since, to the best of my knowledge (at that time--I learned something new from that Maftir link), the whole point of the Maftir aliyah was to give an honor to someone who hadn't already had one. It occurred to me afterward that there was an even more important reason--saying the same b'rachah over the same mitzvah/commandment (in this case, Torah study) twice in a row might be a b'rachah l'vatalah (see the "Safek berakah" paragraph
here).
After the service, the cantor, my husband (head of the Ritual Committee) and I discussed the situation further, as it's likely to occur in the future, and I promised the cantor that I would pose a sh'elah (question of Jewish religious law) to my "G-d squad" of rabbis, cantors, and rabbinical and cantorial students whom I've encountered online or in person.
It wasn't until later that I realized what an idiot I was. I couldn't ask the Orthodox folks on my "G-d Squad," because, obviously, they'd say that, without ten men for a minyan, we shouldn't be doing a Torah reading in the first place.
But then I realized that my question would sound equally absurd to a
non-Orthodox rabbi. Think about it for a minute. When you go to an Orthodox synagogue and they have a minyan on a day when the Torah is read, everyone who's eligible to be counted in the minyan is also eligible to get an aliyah. Why on earth would the same not be true of a synagogue that counts women in a minyan? How could it be, that a synagogue/chavurah/etc. that has a minyan doesn't have enough people for all of the aliyot?
Is there any possible halachic justification for excluding from eligibility for an aliyah anyone who's eligible to be counted in a minyan?